The Turing test, originally called the Imitation game, was a hypothetical test envisaged by Alan Turing in 1950 well before computers had the capability of even rudimentary artificial intelligent. Turing imagined talking to either a computer or a human being at the other end of a text connection. If it is not possible to tell which is which, then the computer passes the test and can be deemed to be intelligent. There is debate about whether this really does constitute intelligence, especially now as chatbots based on large language modles such as ChatGPT seem to be able to pass the test.
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Used on pages 5, 6, 7, 555